Insulation materials are classified into porous materials, heat reflective materials and vacuum materials. The former uses the pores contained in the material itself to insulate, because the air or inert gas in the gap has a low thermal conductivity, such as foam material, fiber material, etc. The heat reflective material has a high reflection coefficient and can reflect heat, such as Gold, silver, nickel, aluminum foil or metallized polyester, polyimide film, and the like.

Vacuum insulation is insulated by the internal vacuum of the material to achieve convection. The aerospace industry has strict requirements on the weight and volume of the insulating materials used, and it is often required to have both sound insulation, vibration damping and corrosion resistance. The needs of various aircraft for insulation materials vary. In the aircraft cockpit and cockpit, foam, ultra-fine glass wool, high silica cotton, vacuum insulation panels are commonly used to insulate.

The insulation material used for the missile head was phenolic foam in the early stage. With the application of polyurethane foam with good temperature resistance, a single insulation material was developed into a sandwich structure. The heat insulation method of the missile instrument cabin is to apply a layer of foam coating of several millimeters thick on the outer skin of the cabin. It acts as an anti-corrosion coating at normal temperature. When the pneumatic heating reaches 200 °C or above, it will foam evenly. Insulation. The artificial earth satellite is moving in an environment of high temperature and low temperature alternating. It is required to use a multi-layer insulation material with high reflection performance, generally consisting of dozens of layers of aluminized film, aluminized polyester film, and aluminized polyimide film. composition. In addition, the development of surface thermal insulation tiles successfully solved the problem of thermal insulation of the space shuttle, and also marked a higher level of development of thermal insulation materials.

Vacuum insulation board is the latest insulation material, which has been widely promoted in foreign countries, and is mostly used in the home appliance industry. The thermal conductivity of this material is extremely low at only 0.004. Therefore, the effect of heat preservation and energy saving is outstanding. At present, domestic refrigerator refrigerator containers have completely used this material.

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