Space solar cell reliability

The reliability of the photovoltaic power supply plays a key role in the success of the entire launch mission. Compared with the ground application, the cost of the solar battery/array is not important, because the space power system has higher balance cost and reliability is the most important. Space solar arrays must undergo a series of harsh reliability tests such as mechanics, thermals, and electricity.

Si solar battery

Silicon solar cells are the most commonly used satellite power sources. Since the 1970s, due to the development of space technology, the demand for power of various aircraft has been increasing. While accelerating the development of other types of batteries, the world’s space technology is more developed. Countries such as Japan, ESA and ESA have successively carried out research on high-efficiency silicon solar cells. Represented by SHARP Corporation of Japan, SUNPOWER Corporation of the United States and ESA, it is a leader in the research and development of space solar cells. Among them, the development of back surface field (BSF), back surface reflector (BSR), double-layer anti-reflection film technology is the first generation of high-efficiency silicon solar cells. The typical efficiency of this type of battery can be as high as 15%. Many types of satellites in orbit are used for this type of battery.

In the mid-1970s, the COMSAT Institute proposed a non-reflective suede battery (to further improve battery efficiency). However, the application of this type of battery is limited: first, the preparation process is complicated to avoid damage to the PN junction; second, such a surface absorbs light of all wavelengths, including those in which the photon energy is insufficient to generate electron-hole pairs, so that the sun The temperature of the battery rises, thereby offsetting the efficiency effect of using the suede; the third is that the electrode must be formed along the pile surface, which increases the difficulty of contact and increases the cost.

In the mid-1980s, in order to solve these problems, the production of high-efficiency batteries introduced some methods of electronic device fabrication, using the process of pouring gold tower suede, laser grooved buried gate, selective emitter junction, etc. The efficiency of the battery is further improved, and the application of the battery is also made possible. Especially after solving the effect of eliminating the temperature rise by using a band-pass filter, the application of such a battery becomes the protagonist of the space power supply.

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