One is the damage caused by refrigerant leakage. For example, ammonia is used as a refrigerant. Once the evaporator runs ammonia, the consequences are more serious. Ammonia is a toxic gas with a strong irritating odor. It not only stimulates the mucous membrane of the sucking tract, but also can cause poisoning in humans. Mild poisoning manifested as rhinitis, pharyngitis, and bronchitis. The patient had symptoms of sore throat, cough, shortness of breath, hemoptysis, and chest pain. Severe poisoning may have laryngeal edema, glottis stenosis, and detachment of the mucous membrane of the suction channel, resulting in obstruction of the trachea and causing asphyxiation and sudden death. If high concentrations of ammonia or ammonia come into contact with human skin, it can cause burns, blisters, and necrosis of the epidermis; splashing into the eye can cause conjunctival edema, corneal ulcers, iritis, cloudy lens, and even corneal perforation.

In addition, there are some people who have an allergic reaction to ammonia, allergic dermatitis or allergic asthma. Although Freon-12 is used as a refrigerant for individual medium-sized refrigerating equipment, there is no known case of Freon poisoning. However, if it leaks, a large amount of inhalation will cause fatigue and uncomfortable throat dryness.

The second is the harm of ozone. Ozone is extremely oxidizing and can interact with a wide range of metals and organics. Therefore, most cold storages use ozone for deodorization and deodorization. However, ozone is a harmful substance that can cause harm to the environment and workers in use. According to medical experts, in the case of micro-ozone (eg, 0.21 to 2.10 mg/Nm3), exposure to 1 to 2 hours can cause symptoms such as cough, pharyngitis, and sucking difficulties; at concentrations of 11 to 21 mg/Nm3, Causes rapid pulse jumps, fatigue, headaches, stay more than 1h, emphysema can occur and even death.

The third is the harm of low temperature. The temperature of the cold storage is generally between 0 and -23°C. If the workers work for a long time in a low temperature environment, the skin temperature may decrease, the oxygen consumption may increase, and the secretion of gastric juice may increase; if they work in this environment for a long time, and keep warm and keep warm The measures are not good, prone to frostbite, low back pain and arthritis; summer temperature inside and outside the library is large, if you do not pay attention to changing clothes in a timely manner, you are susceptible to colds. In addition, if workers are not careful during loading and unloading of goods in cold storage, accidents such as collisions, object strikes, and falling at high places often occur. There are also serious accidents caused by mismanagement that may cause workers and outsiders to be trapped in the library and suffer frostbite and death.

The following points must be observed in the protection against occupational hazards of refrigeration operations:

1, establish and improve the rules and regulations, so that there are chapters to follow; and strengthen the safety knowledge of refrigeration workers to educate, raise their awareness of safe production, eliminate illegal operation, the occurrence of adventurous phenomenon.

2, strengthen the inspection and maintenance of refrigeration equipment, is strictly prohibited to run leaks. If it is found that ammonia gas leaks, measures should be taken to repair it in time to prevent the leakage from expanding. It is necessary to ensure the ventilation equipment of the refrigeration workshop is in good condition, and if ammonia leakage occurs in large quantities, it should be promptly discharged outside the house to avoid poisoning accidents. For the use of Freon-12 freezer should be equipped with the necessary testing equipment, such as halogen lamps.

3, wear professional personal protective equipment. The refrigerating workshop must be equipped with a suitable gas mask or air sucker. When ozone deodorization and deodorization are used, the ozone concentration in the reservoir should be detected at all times. If the ozone concentration exceeds 2mg/Nm3, the worker can not stay in the warehouse, otherwise he must wear a gas mask. In addition, professional protective clothing, safety footwear, and gloves must be worn.